[Pirateninfo] Fw: BRIDGES Trade BioRes - SPECIAL WSSD UPDATE No. 1

[Martin Sundermann]

Hallo Sylvi,
für den Newsletter empfehle ich den Abschnitt: Trade @ WSSD - What to look
out for...
Zwar ist der ganze Text interessant, jedoch zioemlich lang, deshalb ggf. auf
diesen Abschnitt reduzieren,
herzliche Grüsse aus dem Pott
martin

-----Ursprüngliche Nachricht-----
Von: ICTSD BioRes <hbaumuller@ictsd.ch>
An: hbaumuller@ictsd.ch <hbaumuller@ictsd.ch>
Datum: Freitag, 23. August 2002 01:14
Betreff: BRIDGES Trade BioRes - SPECIAL WSSD UPDATE No. 1


>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>BRIDGES Trade BioRes - SPECIAL WSSD UPDATE No. 1    22 August, 2002
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
>                            Table of Contents
>
>    - From Bali to Johannesburg: Some Progress on a Bumpy Road
>    - Low Expectations From Civil Society As Summit Approaches
>    - Trade @ WSSD - What to look out for...
>    - WSSD Events & Resources
>
>
>
>NOTE TO SUBSCRIBERS
>
>During WSSD, BRIDGES Trade BioRes will provide periodical updates on news,
>activities and negotiations related to trade, sustainable development and
>biodiversity at the Summit. The special updates will be reproduced in
>French,
>Spanish and German through PASSERELLES, PUENTES and BRÜCKEN in
collaboration
>with ENDA Tiers-Monde, FFLA - Fundación Futuro Latinoamericano and
>Germanwatch (available at http://www.ictsd.org/issarea/wssd/wssdmain.htm).
>
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>From Bali to Johannesburg: Some Progress on a Bumpy Road
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Since the final official PrepCom for the World Summit on Sustainable
>Development ended in discord in Bali (see BRIDGES Trade BioRes, 13 June
>2002; http://www.ictsd.org/biores/02-06-13/story1.htm), a 'friends-of
>the-chair' meeting on 17 July revived hopes that consensus could be found
on
>the so-far intractable areas of the Summit's action plan. While details on
>the progress made remain scant, South Africa's UN Ambassador Dumisani
Kumalo
>said the meeting's most important achievement was "the conclusion that it
>was possible to reach agreement on the outstanding issues". An array of
>environmental and health goals - about three-quarters of the plan - are
>already agreed but still lack firm targets and timetables for action.
>Countries also continue to disagree over the Summit's focus, and a major
NGO
>campaign is underway for the adoption of binding global rules to regulate
>corporate behaviour.
>
>Friends of the Chair Express Cautious Optimism
>
>South African President Thabo Mbeki convened high-level officials from 27
>countries to a meeting in New York on 17 July in order to examine ways out
>of the impasse surrounding a set of key issues threatening to derail the
>Johannesburg Summit. These include references to the precautionary
principle
>and the concept of 'common but differentiated responsibilities'; trade and
>finance; globalisation; time-bound quantitative targets; technology
transfer
>and good governance. Few details have transpired of the meeting, whose
chief
>achievement seems to have been a greater willingness to seek compromises.
>
>According to observers, some broad guidelines were agreed, including that
>previously adopted texts, such as the Ministerial Declaration, adopted at
>the Fourth WTO Ministerial Conference (November 2001), the Monterrey
>Consensus adopted at the International Conference on Financing for
>Development (March 2001), or the Rio Declaration and Principles, would not
>be reopened.
>
>Differences remain, however, between developed and developing countries in
>particular with regard to all references to trade and finance strewn across
>the 70-page action plan. These range from greater market access and the
>reduction of OECD countries' agricultural subsidies to intellectual
property
>rights and special and differential treatment (SDT) for developing
countries
>in the multilateral trading regime. Developing countries want to place SDT
>in the 'operational' trade and finance section of the plan, which is to
>contain a list of the actions and measures that are to fund its
>implementation. The US and some other industrialised countries want to keep
>any reference to special and differential treatment in the more general
>introductory part of the document. As it is, the entire, and largely
>over-lapping, sections on trade, finance and globalisation go to
>Johannesburg in brackets denoting lack of consensus, and are likely to
prove
>the hardest nuts to crack during the negotiations.
>
>Commenting on the positive spirit of the New York meeting, Nitin Desai, the
>UN Secretary-General of the Johannesburg Summit, played down the importance
>of including quantitative targets in the action plan. If delegates cannot
>agree on whether to increase renewable energy supply by three, five or
>fifteen percent over the next eight to twelve years, the phrase
>'substantially increase' would be sufficient to take the mandate forward,
Mr
>Desai said.
>
>Other outcomes of the friends-of-the-chair meeting were mostly procedural,
>including that the consultative process should be open and participatory;
>that chairs or co-chairs would be appointed as facilitators for each of the
>six major outstanding issues; and that further consultations and
>negotiations would take place in a 'Vienna setting', where delegates are
>seated according to regional/interest groups and only one person speaks on
>behalf of each grouping.
>
>As the host of the meeting, South Africa is expected to present a document
>based on the New York discussions for the next friends-of-the-chair
meeting,
>scheduled for 24-25 August, immediately before the Summit opens in
>Johannesburg.
>
>The countries attending the New York friends-of-the-chair meeting included
>Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Egypt, France, Germany, Ghana,
>India, Indonesia, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Mexico, Nigeria, Norway,
>Russia, Samoa, Senegal, Spain, South Africa, Sweden, Uganda, the United
>States, the United Kingdom and Venezuela. Venezuela, although participating
>in this setting in an individual capacity, is the spokescountry of the G-77
>in the Johannesburg process.
>
>President Mbeki and the friend-of-the-chair group are also urging ministers
>to get involved in the negotiations as soon as the Summit gets underway in
>order to maximise the chances of success.
>
>Rich and Poor Seek Different Summit Emphasis
>
>In June, Brazil, which hosted the 1992 Earth Summit, formally passed the
>torch to the South African organisers of 'Rio + 10', as the Johannesburg
>Summit is also known. Several developing countries used the platform
offered
>by the occasion to highlight the shortcomings in the implementation of
>commitments – financial and otherwise – undertaken in Rio. They made clear
>that for Johannesburg their aspirations were firmly on the development
>aspects of the conference. Brazil's Foreign Minister Celso Lafer, for one,
>identified his country's priorities as technology transfer, development
>assistance and market opening, particularly in the agricultural sector (see
>BRIDGES Trade BioRes, 27 June 2002;
>http://www.ictsd.org/biores/02-06-27/inbrief.htm).
>
>Security issues largely dominated the G8 Summit held later in June. Its
>discussions and outcome disappointed those who had hoped for a firm
>commitment to the Johannesburg Summit goals or for significant new backing
>for development in Africa. In their final declaration, the leaders of the
>world's eight most significant economic powers briefly noted that they
would
>"resist protectionist pressures" and remained committed to working with
>developing countries "to ensure the successful conclusion of the Doha
>Development Agenda by January 1, 2005". Stressing the "importance of
>reaffirming the Doha Agenda and the Monterrey Consensus", the leaders said
>they would work to "produce meaningful partnerships for sustainable
>development and measurable results" in Johannesburg. Despite US reluctance
>to address the issue, the G8 leaders recognised that climate change was "a
>pressing issue that require[d] a global solution".
>
>NGOs To Push For Rules For Corporations While Businesses Tell Bush Stay At
>The Margin
>
>Many environment and development groups have expressed scepticism about the
>Summit's reliance on 'partnerships' in implementing the Johannesburg action
>plan, warning that the approach could lead to an undue influence of the
>business sector in drafting the latest global blueprint for sustainable
>development. Led by Friends of the Earth International, these groups are
>calling on world leaders in Johannesburg to adopt an "effective legally
>binding international framework on corporate accountability and liability".
>Favouring 'self-regulation', the private sector strongly resists such
>pressures.
>
>Bolstering NGO concerns about partnerships, Friends of the Earth UK on 16
>August made public a letter, in which representatives of seven US think
>tanks that had received funds from the oil giant ExxonMobil applauded
>President Bush for his decision not to attend the Summit in person. "The
>Johannesburg Summit will provide a global media stage for many of the most
>irresponsible and destructive elements involved in critical international
>economic and environmental issues. Your presence would only help to
>publicise and make more credible various anti-freedom, anti-people,
>anti-globalisation, and anti-Western agendas," the signatories wrote adding
>that "the least important global environmental issue is potential global
>warming, and we hope that your negotiators at Johannesburg can keep it off
>the table and out of the spotlight".
>
>The EU Will Fight for Targets and Timetables
>
>Environment ministers of the European Union confirmed on 20 July that they
>would seek firm targets and timelines in Johannesburg in spite of US
>reluctance to set such yardsticks. The EU will push for commitments to
>increase renewable energy supply by 15 percent increase by 2010, to reverse
>biodiversity loss and fish-stock depletion by 2015, to halve the number of
>people without access to clean water an sanitation by 2015, and to develop
a
>ten-year programme to shift consumption and production towards more
>sustainable patterns. EU Development Commissioner Poul Nielsen said that if
>the Summit failed to come up with a clear action plan, including
timetables,
>developing countries were likely to be that much less supportive of the WTO
>trade round launched in Doha last November. He and Environment Commissioner
>Margot Wallstrom blamed the unfulfilled promises of Rio, as well as the
>United States' withdrawal from the Kyoto process and its increase in
>agricultural subsidies, for a large part of many developing nations'
>continued mistrust of the OECD countries' conception of sustainable
>development.
>
>The Draft Plan of Implementation and other relevant documents of the
meeting
>are available at http://www.johannesburgsummit.org.
>
>The G8 Declaration and other documents are available at
>http://www.g8.gc.ca/menu-e.asp
>
>ICTSD reporting; "Environment Stressed at Rio Talks", UN WIRE, 24 June
2002;
>"Behind-the-Scene Efforts Seek to Bridge Differences Over Johannesburg
>Outcome," UNITED NATIONS, 9 July 2002; "World Summit Atmosphere Thaws at
>Friends Meeting," ENS, 18 July 2002; "Envoys Make Headway as Johannesburg
>Summit Nears," REUTERS, 19 July 2002; "Republicans Pressure Bush to Snub
>World Summit", ENS, 16 August 2002.
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Low Expectations From Civil Society As Summit Approaches
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>On the eve of the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD),
>non-governmental groups are busy preparing for a week in which they will
>attempt to make the voices of civil society heard by government negotiators
>and the rest of the world. While some groups are expressing guarded optimis
m
>that the Summit will provide a much-needed boost to sustainable
development,
>most are sceptical that WSSD's intergovernmental process can deliver
>concrete, implementable commitments to mitigate poverty and halt
>environmental destruction. Nevertheless, many NGOs will be focusing their
>efforts on ensuring that sustainable development concerns in the Summit's
>final Plan of Implementation are not eroded by text exhorting free trade
and
>neoliberal market agendas, as is being pushed by the US and other
>industrialised countries.
>
>While most of the current draft Plan of Implementation has already been
>agreed upon, those sections containing commitments -- particularly of an
>economic nature with respect to trade and finance -- remain bracketed,
>indicating that agreement on language has yet to be reached (see related
>story, this issue). It is on these heavily bracketed contentious areas, for
>instance Section V on 'Sustainable Development in a Globalising World',
that
>delegates will spend most of their time from 26 August - 4 September.
>
>A number of NGOs and civil society coalitions have produced commentaries
and
>alternative texts on the draft Plan of Implementation that reflect their
>various orientations. The ECO-Equity Coalition -- comprising Consumers
>International, The Danish 92 Group, Friends of the Earth International,
>Greenpeace International, The Northern Alliance for Sustainability (ANPED),
>Oxfam International and WWF International (see
>http://www.maketradefair.com/assets/english/comments.pdf) -- in its
>commentary is critical of many references to the WTO and to weak language
>around climate change and the precautionary principle. The Coalition also
>calls upon WTO Members to ensure that the mandated negotiations under the
>Doha mandate are based on, and reflect the results of, sustainability
>assessments of the impacts of past trade liberalisation on the poor and the
>environment and take into account the principles and objectives of
>sustainable development.
>
>Further, while the Coalition agrees with the trade-environment win-win
>approach to reduce and eliminate environmentally harmful subsidies, it also
>says a "particular effort is needed to strengthening those international
>institutions that can effectively counter the...negative social,
>environmental and development effects of economic liberalisation and trade
>negotiations within the WTO."
>
>A number of other commentaries have been made by other groups.  These
>include the Women's Environment and Development Organization (WEDO), which
>has published a Gender Analysis of the Draft Plan of Implementation for the
>World Summit on Sustainable Development (see
>http://www.wedo.org/sus_dev/analysis.htm) and the Center for International
>Environmental Law (CIEL), which has issued comments specifically on
>trade-related issues on the draft Plan of Implementation (see
>http://www.ciel.org/Tae/WSSD_Comments_July02.html).  From a developing
>country civil society perspective, development group Third World Network
has
>advocated for trade and finance groups to get involved in the World Summit
>process, saying that "Johannesburg may turn out to be less about the
>technicalities of environmental protection and sustainable use of natural
>resources than about the trade and financial mechanisms helping or
hindering
>these objectives" (see http://www.twnside.org.sg/title/wssd1.htm).
>
>Mark Halle, Director of the International Institute for Sustainable
>Development's (IISD) Trade and Investment Program says that, while it is
>unlikely that WSSD will make any changes to the WTO's Doha negotiations, it
>could help facilitate progress on environment at the WTO, particularly
>regarding discussions around avoiding conflict between the multilateral
>trade system and multilateral environmental agreements.  "NGOs should take
>advantage of the opportunity afforded by the Summit.  They need to network
>with national environment ministries and others to establish an organised
>constituency to support environmental progress at the WTO," Halle told
>BRIDGES.  IISD has also compiled a virtual 'briefcase' of tools outlining
>important issues, players, and background on the Summit (see
>http://www.iisd.org/briefcase/).  Devinder Sharma, a development expert
>based in New Delhi, says that Indian NGOs will have "little or no role to
>play" in highlighting national issues at the WSSD. Accusing the government
>of not involving civil society in its preparations for WSSD, "The Summit
>gives an opportunity to join hands with the globe in taking up issues. But
>going by the current situation, we have very little to do except making a
>token presence," Sharma said.
>
>At least 500 events parallel to the Summit are planned in and around
>Johannesburg, particularly at the Civil Society Global Forum from 19
>August - 4 September (see http://www.worldsummit.org.za).  Further, on 1
>September, approximately 800 business leaders will gather to discuss issues
>surrounding sustainable development and "provide business' articulation of
>the core themes that will shape the Summit agenda" (see
>http://www.basd-action.net/activities/business.shtml).
>Advocacy organisation Danish 92 Group (see http://www.rio10.dk/),
protesting
>against the influence of business at the WSSD, has declared 31 August as a
>'Global Day of Action against a Corporate UN'. It is organising protests in
>South Africa and in several different countries to "expose how corporations
>are using the World Summit on Sustainable Development to portray themselves
>as 'part of the solution and not the problem'." Many civil society groups
>say that lack of progress on sustainable development is largely the fault
of
>business, and that business is far from being the solution.
>
>ICTSD reporting; "Crawl to the Jo'burg summit," CENTRE FOR SCIENCE AND
>ENVIRONMENT, August 2002.
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Trade @ WSSD - What to look out for...
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>While 75 percent of the paragraphs in the WSSD draft Plan of Implementation
>have been finalised, numerous brackets remain in the sections dealing with
>globalisation, finance and trade with just 7, 11 and 15 percent
respectively
>agreed. Furthermore, unresolved trade-related provisions are spread through
>all sections of the Plan of Implementation.
>
>Overall, provisions in the draft Plan dealing with trade issues, in
>particular in the globalisation and implementation sections, focus largely
>on commitment already made in Doha, making it "read like a restatement of
>the World Trade Organization's Doha Ministerial Declaration", according to
>the Center of International Environmental Law (CIEL). In its analysis of
the
>trade-related provisions in the draft Plan, CIEL pointed out that a simple
>reiteration was "not appropriate" as not all countries participating in the
>WSSD are Members of the WTO. CIEL also stressed that the WSSD should be
used
>as an opportunity to put WTO negotiations in a broader context as "one
piece
>of a larger global effort to achieve sustainable development".
>
>Globalisation
>
>Only one paragraph in the entire globalisation section has so far been
>agreed. During preparatory negotiations, fundamental differences emerged
>regarding the introductory paragraph (45), which would set the tone for
rest
>of the section. Thus, while the US put emphasis on positive aspects of
>globalisation, the EU was keen to highlight the widespread concerns
>regarding environmental, economic and social implications of globalisation.
>For their part, developing countries and economies in transition stressed
>the difficulties faced by them in responding to the challenges and
>opportunities of globalisation.
>
>Most provisions in the section refer to trade and finance issues which many
>sees as inadequate for what is generally viewed as one of the key sections
>in the draft Plan. As one source noted, to be meaningful the section should
>systematically address all the issue areas covered in the draft Plan.
>Alternatively, delegates could opt for a strong statement on globalisation
>in the introduction of the draft Plan that should then be reflected
>throughout the entire document with specific provisions in each section.
>
>Means of Implementation
>
>Discussions on the trade-related provisions in the Implementation section
>saw the US trying to stick as closely to the Doha texts as possible. While
>the EU made some efforts to go beyond what was agreed the Fourth WTO
>Ministerial Conference in Doha, they were also reluctant to reopen the Doha
>documents. Developing countries focused their attention on obtaining
>increased funding and market access as a way to finance the implementation
>of the commitments in the draft Plan. As it stands, the section is lacking
>in concrete timeframes, targets and funding commitments as repeatedly
>pointed out by many civil society groups. Seeing that the US was unlikely
to
>agree on any language that would go beyond Doha, some have pointed out that
>efforts should rather be spent on strengthening the finance and
>trade-related provisions in the other sections of the draft Plan than to
put
>all the energy into what is likely to prove very difficult negotiations on
>the Implementation section. Others have also questioned the value of the
>entire Implementation section, in particular in its current format, and
>would prefer to see concrete implementation arrangements spread throughout
>the entire text and linked directly to the draft Plan's commitments.
>
>Biodiversity
>
>Most of the language in the biodiversity-related section of the text has
>already been agreed. One of the bracketed paragraphs includes a proposal by
>mega-diverse developing countries to negotiate "an international regime to
>effectively promote and safeguard the fair and equitable sharing of
benefits
>arising from the use of biodiversity and its components". The establishment
>of such a legally-binding regime has long been advocated by several
>developing countries, NGOs and indigenous peoples, including at the Sixth
>Conference of the Parties to the CBD where it was raised, inter alia, by
>Cameroon on the behalf of the African Group, Ethiopia and the Philippines
>(see BRIDGES Trade BioRes, 18 April 2002;
>http://www.ictsd.org/biores/02-04-18/story1.htm) and the WIPO [World
>Intellectual Property Organization] Intergovernmental Committee on
>Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and
>Folklore in June 2002 (see BRIDGES Trade BioRes, 27 June 2002;
>http://www.ictsd.org/biores/02-06-27/story1.htm). One observer noted,
>however, that this provision was unlikely to be included in the final
>document given the strong resistance of the US, EU and some developing
>countries.
>
>Health
>
>While references to intellectual property rights and health are currently
>found in two sections of the draft text (health and implementation), the
>attention is expected to focus on the version currently contained in the
>Implementation section (para. 88), which was discussed in the contact group
>on trade and finance at PrepCom IV in Bali. The paragraph contains two
>versions with different emphases. The first version calls on countries to
>"implement the WTO/TRIPs [trade-related aspects of intellectual property
>rights] Agreement" as part of a wider strategy to address public health
>problems, while the second version emphasises the need to address public
>health problems, inter alia through reaffirming the rights of WTO Members
to
>make us of the flexibilities contained in the TRIPS Agreement.
>
>Some observers have noted that the language in the first option runs
counter
>to the spirit of the Doha Declaration on TRIPs and Public Health in which
>WTO Members had agreed that "the TRIPs Agreement does not and should not
>prevent Members from taking measures to protect public health". As CIEL
>pointed out, this language could undermine developing countries' efforts to
>obtain a waiver of certain obligations in the TRIPs Agreement, a moratorium
>on dispute settlement and/or extended transition periods. These options are
>currently being discussed in the ongoing negotiations at the WTO on how to
>deal with problems faced by countries with insufficient or no manufacturing
>capacity in the pharmaceutical sector (see BRIDGES Weekly, 3 July 2002;
>http://www.ictsd.org/weekly/02-07-03/story1.htm).
>
>Also of relevance in this paragraph are discussions on whether the
provision
>should focus on epidemics in particular, such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis or
>malaria, or on public health problems more generally. This question had
also
>divided WTO Members in the lead-up to Doha when the US had made efforts to
>restrict the scope of the Doha Declaration on TRIPs and Health to "public
>health crises" while developing countries had opted for references to all
>"measures to protect public health" (see BRIDGES Weekly, 30 October 2001;
>http://www.ictsd.org/weekly/01-10-30/story2.htm).
>
>Agriculture
>
>South Africa and other developing countries have highlighted agricultural
>subsidies and increased market access for developing countries as two of
the
>key outstanding issues in the draft Plan. Both bracketed provisions in the
>section on agriculture are related to these two trade issues. Language in
>para. 38(m) reiterates the language of the Doha Ministerial Declaration
with
>regard to improving market access, and reducing export subsidies and
>trade-distorting domestic support. CIEL called for this language to be
>balanced by references to non-trade concerns (environmental, social and
>other) -- as included in the Doha Declaration -- that need to be taken into
>account when reducing domestic support.
>
>Bracketed paragraph 38(o) stresses the need for countries "strongly
>committed" to combating the cultivation of illicit crops "to gain enhanced
>access to international markets for regular goods". The EU and the US
>already have such preferential schemes with the Andean countries (Bolivia,
>Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela; Pakistan was admitted to the EU’s
>drug-fighting programme this year). Furthermore, Bolivia and Colombia in
>proposals submitted to the WTO Committee on Agriculture argued that special
>and differential treatment (such as quota- and tariff-free market access)
>should apply to 'alternative development programmes' aimed at substituting
>illicit crops with legal ones. However, Paraguay in a proposal submitted to
>the WTO's Committee on Trade and Development alleged that such preferential
>schemes in fact contravene WTO rules as they are not applied in a universal
>manner and therefore discriminate between developing countries (see BRIDGES
>Weekly, 20 June 2002, http://www.ictsd.org/weekly/02-06-20/story2.htm).
>
>MEA-WTO relationship
>
>Language on the relationship between multilateral environmental agreements
>(MEAs) and WTO rules was one of the major sticking points in Bali (see
>BRIDGES Trade BioRes, 3 June 2002;
>http://www.ictsd.org/biores/02-06-03/index.htm). The relevant provision in
>Section X (institutional framework) currently includes a number of options
>for a qualification of the relationship, namely coherence, complementarity,
>coordination, no hierarchy and mutual supportiveness. Delegates might also
>use language already agreed for the relationship between the Convention on
>Biological Diversity (CBD) and agreements related to trade and intellectual
>property, which refers to "enhancing synergy and mutual supportiveness".
>
>Negotiations are currently underway at the WTO to clarify the MEA-WTO
>relationship as part of the round of trade negotiations launched in Doha
>(BRIDGES Trade BioRes, 27 June 2002;
>http://www.ictsd.org/biores/02-06-27/story2.htm). Many civil society groups
>have expressed concerns that the discussions are restricted to the WTO and
>have called for strong language to be included in the draft Plan, including
>a statement that trade measures taken pursuant to MEAs should be presumed
>consistent with WTO rules.
>
>For further information on these and other trade-related provisions in the
>draft Plan, see CIEL's analysis at
>http://www.ciel.org/Publications/WSSD_Comments_July02.pdf.
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>WSSD Events & Resources
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>WSSD SIDE-EVENTS ON TRADE AND SD
>
>ICTSD events
>
>All ICTSD events will be held at the IUCN Environment Centre, located at
the
>Headquarters of Nedcor Bank Limited (135 Rivonia Road, Sandton), 10 minutes
>from the Sandton Convention Centre and opposite the Hilton Hotel. For
>further information, see http://www.ictsd.org/issarea/wssd/wssdmain.htm or
>http://www.iucn.org/wssd/joburg_programme/index_iec.htm
>
>26 August: "Globalisation with Equity" (in collaboration with IUCN-The
World
>Conversation Union and CEESP - IUCN's Commission on Environmental, Economic
>and Social Policy):
>
>9h00 - 10h30: Tragedy of the Commons - Who Bears the Costs of
Globalisation?
>
>11h00 - 12h30: Private Greed versus Public Need? Ethical Issues in
>Globalisation
>
>13h00 - 14h30: Global Pillage? Maintaining Local Values in a Globalising
>World
>
>15h30 - 17h00:  CITES - A Suitable Tool For Sustainable Wildlife Trade?
>
>15h30 - 17h00: Joining Forces - Making Regionalism work for Africa's
>Biodiversity
>
>17h30 - 19h00: Environmental goods and services at the WTO - What's in it
>for developing countries?
>In addition, ICTSD, IUCN and CEESP are collaborating with the Center for
>International Environmental Law (CIEL) and Sociedad Peruana de Derecho
>Ambiental (SPDA) to organise two side events:
>
>15h30 - 17h00: Places and Spaces for Indigenous Peoples in Sustainable
>Development
>
>17h30 - 19h00: Building Synergies: How intellectual property rules can
>support biodiversity conservation and use
>
>28 August (in collaboration with IUCN, CEESP and GISP - Global Invasive
>Species Programme):
>
>17h30 - 19h30: Trading risks: How to combat the spread of invasive alien
>species?
>
>Other events
>
>A list of WSSD side-events can be found at
>http://www.johannesburgsummit.org/html/basic_info/sideevents.html
>
>26 August, 5.30 - 7.30 pm, IUCN Environment Centre: "Trade and Sustainable
>Development." Organised by WWF/OXFAM/SOLAGRAL, for more information
contact:
>Internet: http://www.iucn.org
>
>26 August, 4 pm - 6 pm, Johannesburg Expo Centre (Nasrec) Breakway III:
>ASSESSMENT OF TRADE IN SERVICES- A TOOL TO ADDRESS SUSTAINABILITY
>CHALLENGES. Organised by the Center for International Environmental Law,
for
>information contact: Ms Nathalie Bernasconi-Osterwalder; email:
>nbernasconi@ciel.org; Internet: http://www.worldsummit.org.za
>
>27 August, 12 - 2 pm, Womens Action Tent: GLOBALIZATION AND IMPOVERISHMENT.
>Organised by AWEPON (Hellen Wangusa), WEDO (Nadia Johnson), WILDAF, SA
>women's organizations. For more information contact: Internet:
>http://www.wedo.org
>
>28 August, 6.30 - 8 pm, Boell Forum: GO FOR FAIR TRADE, NOT FOR FREE TRADE?
>ON MARKET ACCESS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; DEBATING THE JO'BURG
MEMO/THEATRE
>FAIR WEALTH. Organised by the Boell Foundation, every evening during the
>World Summit, the Boell Forum will witness an unusual combination of two
>events: a short theatre play and a subsequent debate on the themes of the
>Jo'burg Memo, featuring the key challenges for the World Summit. The same
>play will be performed every day, while the debate will have a different
>focus each evening. For more information see:
http://www.worldsummit2002.org
>
>29 August, 1 - 3 pm, IUCN Environment Centre, Sisonke Room: BUILDING
>CAPACITY FOR NEGOTIATION AND IMPLEMENTING INTERNATIONAL SUSTAINABLE
>DEVELOPMENT REGIMES. Organised by the Foundation for International
>Environmental Law and Development (FIELD). For information see
>http://www.iucn.org/wssd/joburg_programme/thursday29.htm.
>
>31 August, 9 - 9.45 am, IUCN Environment Centre, Aloe Room: IMPLEMENTING
THE
>SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT "WIN-WIN-WIN": ENVIRONMENTAL CERTIFICATION FOR THE
>MARINE AQUARIUM TRADE. Organised by the Marine Aquarium Council, for
>information see http://www.iucn.org/wssd/joburg_programme/saturday31.htm.
>
>3 September, 6.15 - 8 pm, Sandton Convention Centre: PARTNERSHIPS IN
>CAPACITY BUILDING FOR TRADE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. Organised jointly
>by UNCTAD and UNEP. For more information see
>http://www.johannesburgsummit.org
>
>1 September, 9 am - 6.30 pm, Hilton Hotel Sandton: LEKGOTAL: BUSINESS DAY.
>Organised by Business Action for Sustainable Development. For information
>contact Catherine Morel; fax: 0041-22 839 31 31; email: morel@wbcsd.org;
>Internet: http://www.basd-action.net
>
>2 September, 10 am - 12 pm, Johannesburg Expo Centre (Nasrec) Auditorium:
>ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS AND TRADE AGREEMENTS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
>OR JUST RICH PROTECTIONISM. Organised by Vereniging INZET, for information
>contact: Ms Jane Dennett-Thorpe; jdennett@inzet.nl.
>
>3 September, 1 - 4 pm, Waterdome: INTERNATIONAL TRADE REGIMES AND THE
>LIBERALISATION OF WATER SERVICES (IMPLICATIONS FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE
>ENVIRONMENT – A LEGAL PERSPECTIVE). Organised by the Center for
>International Environmental Law. For information see
>http://www.waterdome.net
>
>
>WSSD RESOURCES
>
>Daily coverage of WSSD
>
>EARTH NEGOTIATIONS BULLETIN for web coverage, daily and summary reports and
>for reports on side events: http://www.iisd.ca/2002/wssd/
>
>EARTHWIRE/WSSD: http://www.earthwire.org/wssd
>
>British Council instant news and comments from the World Summit:
>http://www.dailysummit.net/
>
>EARTH TIMES daily web coverage: Internet: http://www.earthtimes.org/
>
>VIRTUAL EXHIBIT for live video webcasts from WSSD:
>http://www.virtualexhibit.net
>
>WSSD Resources On Trade And SD
>
>ICTSD documents on trade and sustainable development are available at
>http://www.ictsd.org/pubs/, including past issues of the monthly review
>BRIDGES Between Trade and Sustainable Development (English, German, French
>and Spanish), which provides regular updates and analysis of current
>developments in trade and sustainable development. For a collection of
>resources on trade, intellectual property rights and sustainable
>development, visit IPRsonline.org at http://www.ictsd.org/iprsonline/.
>
>EARTHSCAN will be displaying books covering a diverse range of
>sustainability issues at the Earth Summit taking place in Johannesburg from
>the 26th August to 4th September. The joint stand with IIED will be located
>in the Ubuntu Exhibition, stand number 109-110. WSSD delegates receive a
15%
>discount on all Earthscan books. Visit the Earth Summit micro-site for a
>full list of recommended reading:
>http://www.earthscan.co.uk/earthsummit/earthsummitreading.htm#reading
>
>"The Trade and Environment Agenda", by Mark Halle published by IIED in THE
>FUTURE IS NOW, Vol 3, May 2002: 5-13. Available at:
>http://www.iied.org/pdf/tfin_Volume3.pdf
>
>"Sustainability and trade", by Nicola Borregaard and Mark Halle, IIED
>BRIEFING PAPER, May 2001. Available at:
>http://www.iied.org/pdf/wssd_01_trade_long.pdf
>
>FINANCING FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, by RING/IIED, 2002. This new report
>states that discussions surrounding both the WSSD and the FFD process
>indicate an absence of creative thinking on the issue of financing, and on
>the challenges of globalisation. It argues that there is a crisis of
>legitimacy confronting the agencies and actors involved in development
>processes and presents some ideas and approaches, which could usefully be
>acted upon in preparation for the two Summits. Available at:
>http://www.iied.org/pdf/wssd_ffsd.pdf
>
>WORLDWATCH POLICY BRIEFS FROM RIO TO JOHANNESBURG. Published by the
>Worldwatch Institute, 2002. Available at:
>http://www.worldwatch.org/worldsummit/briefs/
>
>PRESERVING THE WEB OF LIFE. A briefing published by Intermediate Technology
>Development Group (ITDG)'s for WSSD on Agricultural Biodiversity. Available
>at: Internet: http://www.itdg.org and
>http://www.ukabc.org/itdg_weboflife.pdf. Printed copies will be available
in
>Johannesburg.
>
>THE BUSINESS CASE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. Published by The World
>Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), October 2001. In the
>run-up to the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in
>Johannesburg, members of the WBCSD offer views for a sustainable future.
>Available at: http://www.wbcsd.org/projects/wssd/business-case.pdf
>
>STUMBLING TOWARD SUSTAINABILITY published by the Environmental Law
>Institute, brings together 42 contributors from universities, law schools,
>nongovernmental organizations, national laboratories, the private sector,
>and state government to examine efforts over the past decade to promote and
>implement sustainable development in the United States. For more
information
>visit: Internet: www.eli.org.
>
>EARTH SUMMIT 2002 BRIEFING PAPERS. By UNED Forum. The papers cover:
>Freshwater, Energy & Climate Change, Gender, Global Public Goods, HIV/AIDS,
>Foreign Direct Investment, Sustainable Finance, and the Rio Conventions.
>Available at: http://www.unedforum.org/ir.htm#Reports%20on%20the%20web
>
>THE JO'BURG MEMO. Published by the Heinrich Böll Foundation. Available at:
>http://www.worldsummit2002.org/publications/Memo-oF.pdf
>
>NEXUS -- a new quarterly newsletter published by the International
Institute
>for Sustainable Development -- explores the linkages between poverty
>reduction and the environment and lends clarity to the discussion with
>feature articles, editorials and interviews with experts in the field.
>Available at: http://www.iisd.org/economics/pov_sd/nexus_newsletter.asp
>
>"Competing visions and conflicting priorities: a southern African
>perspective on the World Summit" by Ralph Hamann, Zarina Patel and Michelle
>Pressend. IN: ENVIRONMENT 44 (6, 2002): 8-21. Abstract: At the World Summit
>on Sustainable Development in late August, leaders must try to reconcile
the
>differences between sustainable development priorities of people in
>developed countries and those of more marginalized people in developing
>countries, including the poor in southern Africa.
>
>BUSINESS & BIODIVERSITY: THE HANDBOOK FOR CORPORATE ACTION by Earthwatch
>Institute Europe, IUCN and the World Business Council for Sustainable
>Development. The book will be launched in Johannesburg on 31 August at the
>IUCN Environment Centre.
>
>JO'BURG MEDIA, the independent media for the Johannesburg Summit where
>materials dealing with the Johannesburg events can easily be uploaded by
>registered participants (journalists, delegates, NGO-participants,
>activists, others) and can be downloaded easily by  interested media and by
>anyone else. A news portal, which will follow all developments in
>Johannesburg and guide journalists and other visitors through the news of
>the moment via extensive link pages. Diversity Radio, providing
>(Internet)radio, with live and recorded interviews, complete programs, etc.
>All free to use and (re)broadcast. See http://www.diversity-radio.net
>Several E-mail mailing lists for news, also providing this to people and
>organisations in remote areas without direct access to internet. For
>information see: Internet http://www.joburgmedia.net
>
>Other relevant documents can be found on the official WSSD website at:
>http://www.johannesburgsummit.org/html/documents/summit_docs.html
>
>Electronic Resources
>
>Official WSSD website: http://www.johannesburgsummit.org
>
>WSSD Civil Society Global Forum: http://www.worldsummit.org.za
>
>South Africa's WSSD website: http://www.joburgsummit2002.com/
>
>WSSD website (German): http://www.weltgipfel2002.de/
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>To subscribe to this list, send a blank email to subscribe_biores@ictsd.ch.
>To unsubscribe, send an email to unsubscribe_biores@ictsd.ch.
>
>BRIDGES Trade BioRes© is published by the International Centre for
>Trade and Sustainable Development (ICTSD), http://www.ictsd.org, in
>collaboration with IUCN - World Conservation Union, http://www.iucn.org,
>and IUCN’s Commission on Environmental, Economic and Social Policy,
>CEESP, http://www.cenesta.org/ceesp/.
>
>This edition of BRIDGES Trade BioRes was edited by Heike Baumuller,
>hbaumuller@ictsd.ch. Contributors to this issue were Hugo Cameron, Anja
>Halle
>and Marianne Jacobsen. The Managing Editor is Andrew Crosby,
>acrosby@ictsd.ch.
>The Director is Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz, rmelendez@ictsd.ch. ICTSD is an
>independent, not-for-profit organisation based at: 13, ch. des Anémones,
>1219 Geneva, Switzerland, tel: (41-22) 917-8492; fax: 917-8093. Excerpts
>from BRIDGES Trade BioRes may be used in other publications with
appropriate
>citation. Comments and suggestions are welcomed and should be directed
>to the Editors or the Director.
>
>The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the
views
>of IUCN - The World Conservation Union.
>
>BRIDGES Trade BioRes is made possible in 2002 through the generous
>support of the Minister of Housing, Spatial Planning, and the Environment
>(Netherlands). It also benefits from ICTSD's core funders: the Governments
>of Finland, Denmark, the Netherlands and Sweden; Christian Aid (UK),
>the Rockefeller Foundation, MISEREOR, NOVIB (NL), Oxfam (UK) and
>the Swiss Coalition of Development Organisations (Switzerland).
>
>ISSN 1682-0843
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
>