<html>
<body>
<b>BIEN - Basic Income Earth Network - NEWSFLASH 40, July 2006<br>
</b><a href="http://www.basicincome.org/" eudora="autourl">
www.basicincome.org<br>
</a>The Basic Income Earth Network was founded in 1986 as the Basic
Income European Network. It expanded its scope from Europe to the Earth
in 2004. It serves as a link between individuals and groups committed to
or interested in basic income, and fosters informed discussion on this
topic throughout the world.<br><br>
The present NewsFlash has been prepared with the help of Paul Nollen,
Margit Appel, Said Bouaissi, <font face="arial" size=2>Sabrina Del Pico,
</font>Benjamin Denis, Jurgen De Wispelaere, David Casassas, Sandro
Gobetti, Loek Groot, Philippe Lamberts, Carlos César Marques Frausino,
Philippe Van Parijs, and Karl Widerquist.<br>
This NewsFlash can be downloaded as a
<a href="http://www.etes.ucl.ac.be/BIEN/Newsletter_ProvisionalFile/BIEN%20NewsFlash.htm">
PDF document</a> on our website<br><br>
<a href="http://www.etes.ucl.ac.be/BIEN/Newsletter_ProvisionalFile/BIEN%20NewsFlash.htm">
Information about copyright</a><br>
_____<br><br>
<b>CONTENTS<br><br>
1. Editorial: New statutes for BIEN<br><br>
2. BIEN 11th CONGRESS: 2-4 November 2006, Cape Town (SA)<br><br>
3. First issue of Basic Income Studies<br><br>
4. Events<br>
</b>*QUEBEC (CA), 12 April 2006: Conference on the guaranteed minimum
income<br>
*KYOTO (JP), 7 July 2006: Workshop on "Real Freedom for
All".<br>
*FUKUOKA (JP), 11 July 2006: IPSA Congress session on "Ending the
Welfare State as We Know It? Politics, Citizenship and Welfare
Reform"<br>
*FRANKFURT (DE), 14-15 July 2006: Conference on the Crisis of the Work
Society<br>
*STOCKHOLM (SE), 19 August 2006: Green Party's Seminar on Basic
Income<br>
*NEW YORK CITY (US), 23-25 February 2007: Sixth Annual USBIG
Congress<br>
*NEW YORK CITY (US), 6-8 May 2007: The basic income guarantee in
international perspective<br><br>
<b>5. Glimpses of national debates<br>
</b>*Austria: basic income network attracts media attention<br>
*Brazil: President Lula receives books on basic income<br>
*Congo: political platform advocates gradual introduction of a basic
income <br>
*France: new liberal party has basic income platform<br>
*Germany: Prime Minister of one of the German states proposes a basic
income<br>
*European Union: European Greens support EU-wide basic income<br>
*Italy: demonstration for guaranteed income<br>
*The Netherlands: full basic income economically sustainable in Dutch
official study<br>
*United States: Alaska permanent fund hits new high<br>
*United States : Congressional support for basic income bill doubles
<br><br>
<b>6. Publications<br>
</b>*Dutch<br>
*English<br>
*French<br>
*German<br>
*Italian<br>
*Portuguese<br>
*Spanish<br><br>
<b>7. New Links<br><br>
8. About the Basic Income Earth Network<br>
</b>_____<br><br>
<b>1. EDITORIAL: NEW STATUTES FOR BIEN<br><br>
</b>BIEN’s executive committee has recently proposed a
<a href="http://www.etes.ucl.ac.be/BIEN/BIEN/ByLawProposal_August2006.htm">
new set of bylaws</a> to replace BIEN’s existing statutes. The EC will
ask the next meeting of the General Assembly to vote on these bylaws in
its November meeting in Cape Town, South Africa. We welcome alternative
proposals or proposals for amendments to these bylaws. Anyone wishing to
submit such a proposal, please make sure to send it to the secretary at
least 60 days before the General Assembly’s November meeting. <br>
The proposal has been posted on
<a href="http://www.etes.ucl.ac.be/BIEN/BIEN/ByLawProposal_August2006.htm" eudora="autourl">
http://www.etes.ucl.ac.be/BIEN/BIEN/ByLawProposal_August2006.htm</a>, and
can also be downloaded as a
<a href="http://www.etes.ucl.ac.be/BIEN/BIEN/Bylaw-proposal-May%2015-2006.doc">
MSWord Document</a>.<br><br>
BIEN's Executive Committee<br><br>
<b>2. BIEN 11th CONGRESS: 2-4 November 2006, Cape Town (SA)<br><br>
</b>The Economic Policy Research Institute (EPRI) is hosting the ELEVENTH
BIEN CONGRESS on 2-4 November 2006 at the University of Cape Town in Cape
Town, South Africa. All information and forms are available on the
website:
<a href="http://www.epri.org.za/" eudora="autourl">www.epri.org.za</a>
(also accessible via www.basicincome.org). Please forward any questions
to: infobien@epri.org.za<br><br>
<b>3. FIRST ISSUE OF BASIC INCOME STUDIES<br><br>
</b>The Editors of Basic Income Studies (BIS), the new international
academic journal for basic income research, are pleased to announce the
publication of their inaugural issue. BIS, volume 1, issue 1 has been
published in June 2006 at
<a href="http://www.bepress.com/bis" eudora="autourl">
www.bepress.com/bis</a>. <br>
Abstracts of Research articles can be found in the
"Publications" Section below. <br>
This issue also includes a "Debate section" devoted to a
Retrospective: “A Capitalist Road to Communism Twenty Years After”,
with a reprint of Robert van der Veen and Philippe Van Parijs, “A
Capitalist Road to Communism”, a new set of comments by G.A. Cohen,
Andrew Williams, Doris Schroeder, Catriona McKinnon, Harry F. Dahms, and
Erik Olin Wright, and two new replies by Robert van der Veen and Philippe
Van Parijs.<br>
Book reviews are also included in this first issue.<br>
Please note that BIS is constantly on the look-out for research articles
and book reviews. Please get in touch with the editors at
bis-editors@bepress.com or the book review editor at
bis-bookreviews@bepress.com if you are interested in
contributing.<br>
BIS is published by The Berkeley Electronic Press (bepress), sponsored by
Red Renta Basica (RRB) and supported by BIEN and USBIG.<br><br>
<b>4. EVENTS<br><br>
</b>*QUEBEC (CA), 12 April 2006: Conference on the guaranteed minimum
income<br><br>
On April 12, 2006, a big conference on basic income and related schemes
was organized at the Université Laval (Québec, CA) by the CIRPEE Research
Network (Centre interuniversitaire sur le risque, les politiques
économiques et l'emploi). It was attended by more than 150 participants.
Under the title "Le revenu minimum garanti: solution ou
utopie?" ("A Guaranteed Minimum Income: realistic or
utopian?"), it was aimed at discussing the feasibility and
desirability of introducing a basic income scheme in the Province of
Quebec or in Canada.<br>
Yannick Vanderborght (Chaire Hoover - University of Louvain) launched the
discussion with a presentation of ethical and economic arguments in
favour of basic income, focusing on some special features of the Canadian
and Quebecois political debates on the topic. Lionel-Henri Groulx
(Université de Montréal), author of a recent book on minimum income
programmes (see NewsFlash 36, November 2005), detailed the history of the
guaranteed income schemes in Quebec and Canada. Bernard Fortin
(Université Laval) presented a well-documented and stimulating paper on
the complexity of Canada's tax-and-transfer system. According to Fortin,
a basic income would not only help Canadians in simplifying this
patchwork, but would also have several other advantages over conventional
targeted schemes. At the same time, he argued, one should underestimate
the difficulties in implementing such a programme, such as the fact that
public opinion has a strong preference for in-kind and conditional
transfers. François Blais (Université Laval), author of an introductory
book on basic income, gave a thorough commentary on a Manifesto which had
been published in Quebec in October 2005. In this document, an informal
group of prominent intellectuals, including the former Prime Minister of
Quebec Lucien Bouchard, argued for massive investments in education and
innovation, a substantial tax reform, and a basic income (see NewsFlash
36, November 2005). Blais criticized several proposals made by this group
for the financing of the basic income scheme. Jean-Pierre Aubry
(Association des économistes québécois) explained why he thought that one
should give priority to in-kind transfers. Alain Noël (Université de
Montréal) dismissed basic income and criticized the idea of a "back
door strategy" (as advocated by Vanderborght & Van Parijs in
their introductory book on basic income) to introduce it. Economist
Jean-Yves Duclos (Université Laval) presented three scenarios for the
implementation of a basic income in Québec. He insisted on the fact that
in designing such models economists should always keep in mind the fact
that "social justice matters". And, he argued, a basic income
would no doubt help us in realizing social justice in its Rawlsian
version. Finally, Gérard Lescot (from the Ministry of Employment of the
Province of Quebec) explained why he was very skeptical on the
feasibility of basic income in Quebec. Discussions with the audience
showed that some participants shared his skepticism, while others were
strongly pleading for the rapid introduction of the scheme in order to
cope with Quebec's unemployment and poverty.<br>
Conference Website:
<a href="http://132.203.59.36/CIRPEE/conf-cirpee/revenuminimum12avril06/programme.htm" eudora="autourl">
http://132.203.59.36/CIRPEE/conf-cirpee/revenuminimum12avril06/programme.htm<br>
</a>For further information: Évelyne Joyal
<evelyne.joyal@ecn.ulaval.ca> <br><br>
*KYOTO (JP), 7 July 2006: Workshop on "Real Freedom for
All".<br><br>
A Japanese translation of Philippe Van Parijs's Real Freedom for All
(Oxford, 1995) was recently completed at the initiative of Professor
Reiko Gotoh (Institute of Ethics and Frontier Sciences, Ritsumeikan
University). This provided an opportunity for a workshop on the book and
the philosophical justification of basic income it claims to provide,
attended by over sixty people from various Japanese Universities. The
keynote address by Philippe Van Parijs was followed by comments by Taku
Saito, Shinji Murakami, Shinya Tateiwa , Reiko Gotoh and Paul Dumouchel
(Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto) and by Naoki Yoshihara (Hitotsubashi
University, Tokyo).<br>
For further information: "Reiko Gotoh"
<r-gotoh@jcom.home.ne.jp><br><br>
*FUKUOKA (JP), 11 July 2006: IPSA Congress session on "Ending the
Welfare State as We Know It? Politics, Citizenship and Welfare
Reform"<br><br>
A number of half-day special sessions of the 20th Congress of the
International Political Science Association (IPSA) were reserved for
initiatives by the Japanese organizers. One of them, conceived by
Professors Taro Miyamoto and Jiro Yamaguchi (Department of Public Policy,
Hokkaido University), was devoted to possible futures for the Japanese
welfare state. The initiative was motivated by the Koizumi Government's
neo-liberal reform projects in the domain of social policy. Concerned to
work out an alternative vision for the future, the organizers invited
Jonas Hinnfors (Göteborg University, Sweden) to present the state and
prospects of the Swedish model and Philippe Van Parijs (Louvain and
Harvard) to present the basic income alternative.<br>
The contrast between the two approaches turned out to be less sharp than
the organizers expected. On the one hand, Hinnfors showed not only that
basic income elements have long been a core element of the Swedish model
(universal free education, universal health insurance, universal child
benefits, universal basic pension independent of each individual's
careers) but also that this basic income element has been strengthened in
recent years (higher child benefits, higher minimum level of parental
leave provisions, etc.). On the other hand, Van Parijs does not advocate
substituting a generous basic income for all existing welfare state
provisions, but rather fitting a modest basic income at the basis of
every person's income and thereby enabling the existing assistance and
insurance components of the welfare state (with levels appropriately
readjusted) to perform their specific jobs better than they do now.<br>
In his commentary, Taro Miyamoto emphasized the need to address the
objection that basic income does not satisfy a plausible minimal
condition of reciprocity. Harold Wilensky (University of California,
Berkeley), author of several classic books on social policy, including
Industrial Society and Social Welfare (1958) was in the audience. He said
he was personally committed to a universal basic income but could
remember being given a leaflet advocating a basic income when he first
arrived on the Berkeley campus as a student in 1940 (!). Why was the idea
never implemented? Because the electorate, he conjectured, will never
support upfront redistribution to able-bodied people who choose not to
work.<br>
For further information: Taro Miyamoto
<miyamoto@imb.me-h.ne.jp><br><br>
*FRANKFURT (DE), 14-15 July 2006: Conference on the Crisis of the Work
Society<br><br>
This well-attended two-day workshop on the "Crisis of the Work
Society - Transformation into a Basic Income Society?" [Krise der
Arbeitsgesellschaft - Transformation zur Grundeinkommensgesellschaft?]
was organized by the sociology department of the University of Frankfurt.
It consisted partly in presentations of interview-based case studies on
the experience of unemployment and the relationship to paid employment it
reveals. The workshop itself was coupled with a three-hour public panel
discussion on the first evening, which attracted an audience of several
hundred people. The panelists were Ulrich Oevermann (professor of
sociology at the University of Frankfurt and main organizer of the
event), Georg Vobruba (professor of social policy at the University of
Leipzig and author, most recently, of Entkoppelung von Arbeit und
Einkommen. Das Grundeinkommen in der Arbeitsgesellschaft), Philippe Van
Parijs (professor of philosophy at Louvain and Harvard and chair of
BIEN's International Board), and Götz Werner (CEO of the drugstore chain
dm, which employs 23.000 people, and part-time professor of
entrepreneurship at the University of Karlsruhe).<br><br>
Götz Werner's participation in the panel debate and in the workshop was
particularly striking. Through his business experience, he first acquired
the conviction that our tax system would be more fair and more rational
if it consisted mainly in a consumption tax such as the VAT, be it
dramatically increased so that social security contributions and personal
income taxation (both of which rest mainly on labour income) could be
phased out. But a VAT cannot incorporate an exemption on the lower layers
of income, and would therefore heavily tax the income of the poor.
However, it can be coupled with a lump sum refund paid to all, i.e. with
a universal basic income, functionally equivalent to the basic exemption
in an income tax system. Not unlike the Belgian industrialist Roland
Duchatelet, founder of the basic-income-focused party Vivant, he thus hit
in the mid-1990s upon the proposal of a high basic income (he mentions an
amount of 1000 or even 1500 Euros per month) funded by a dramatically
increased Value Added Tax, and he has been defending it with gusto since
the Spring of 2005, as a radical and liberating alternative the Schröder
government's workfare-leaning reforms known as "Harz IV". As he
does not lack humour and has a gift for striking formulas, he is an
effective communicator. And to many ears, no doubt, a plea for basic
income sounds more convincing when it emanates from someone who provides
23.000 jobs rather than from someone who does not have one for
himself.<br><br>
Part of the panel discussion can be viewed on<br>
<a href="http://www.grundeinkommen.tv/2006/07/uni-frankfurt-1.htm" eudora="autourl">
http://www.grundeinkommen.tv/2006/07/uni-frankfurt-1.htm<br>
</a>For further information on the workshop: Manuel Franzmann
<M.Franzmann@soz.uni-frankfurt.de><br>
For further information on Götz Werner's ideas and campaign see
<a href="http://www.unternimm-die-zukunft.de/" eudora="autourl">
http://www.unternimm-die-zukunft.de/</a> or get in touch with André
Presse <andre.presse@iep.uni-karlsruhe.de><br><br>
*STOCKHOLM (SE), 19 August 2006: Green Party's Seminar on Basic
Income<br><br>
The Swedish Green Party is organizing a seminar on basic income in
Stockholm. By inviting a number of distinguished social scientists the
organizers hope to stimulate a broad discussion about basic income,
against the backdrop of general elections in mid-September. Confirmed
speakers include Carole Pateman, Professor of Political Science at the
University of California in Los Angeles, and Karl Widerquist, Faculty
Fellow at Tulane University (New Orleans). The event is an initiative of
Carl Schlyter, a Green Party Member of the European Parliament. For
further information contact Valter Mutt, assistant to Carl Schlyter, at:
valter.mutt@mp.se.<br><br>
*NEW YORK CITY (US), 23-25 February 2007: Sixth Annual USBIG
Congress<br><br>
The USBIG Network will hold its Sixth Annual Congress in conjunction with
the Eastern Economics Association Meeting, February 23-25, 2007, at the
Crowne Plaza Times Square Manhattan Hotel in New York City. The deadline
for presentation proposals is Oct 27, 2006. Speakers include Dalton
Conley, Stanley Aronowitz, and Eduardo Suplicy. Dalton Conley is the
director of the Center for Advanced Social Science Research and professor
of sociology and public policy at New York University, and he is the
author of Honky, Being BlackLiving in the Red, and the Starting Gate.
Stanley Aronowitz is a Distinguished Professor of Sociology at the City
University of New York and author or editor of twenty three books
including, Just Around Corner, How Class Works, The Last Good Job in
America, and The Jobless Future. Eduardo Suplicy is a member of the
Brazilian Senate and author of From the Distribution of Income to the
Rights of Citizenship. The call for proposal will be out soon.<br><br>
*NEW YORK CITY (US), 6-8 May 2007: The basic income guarantee in
international perspective<br><br>
Within the framework of the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the
Wurzweiler School of Social Work, Yeshiva University (New York City),
Richard Caputo organizes a session on “The basic income guarantee in
international perspective” . The Conference is scheduled for 6-8 May 2007
at the Sheraton New York . Interested persons should contact Richard
Caputo at <caputo@yu.edu><br><br>
<b>5. GLIMPSES OF NATIONAL DEBATES<br><br>
</b>*AUSTRIA: BASIC INCOME NETWORK ATTRACTS MEDIA ATTENTION<br><br>
Two of Austria´s main daily newspapers reported, among others, about the
press conference of the Austrian Basic Income Network and the
presentation of its position paper end of May 2006. One of the headlines
was "900 Euro for beggars as well as for millionaires", while
the other newspaper titled "900 Euro without employment. Network
urges basic income." This position paper will be used in further
discussions with political parties, trade unions, and NGOs. On October
1st 2006 parliamentary elections will take place in Austria. The paper
should also be used for the dialogue with all initiatives supporting the
idea of an unconditional basic income.<br>
The first part of the paper deals with the view of the Austrian
BI-Network with regard to the current social and economic situation, and
the criteria for introducing an unconditional BI. The second part of the
paper shows the difference between the BI and means-tested forms of
social security, and ends with "first concrete steps" towards
an unconditional BI.<br>
For further information:
<a href="http://www.grundeinkommen.at/" eudora="autourl">
http://www.grundeinkommen.at<br><br>
</a>*BRAZIL: PRESIDENT LULA RECEIVES BOOKS ON BASIC INCOME<br><br>
In its first ever published newsletter, the Brazilian Basic Income
Network (Rede Brasileira de Renda Basica) proudly announces that during a
meeting with co-Chair of BIEN Eduardo Matarazzo Suplicy on July 3, 2006,
Brazilian President Luiz Inácio da Silva has been given two new books on
basic income recently published in Brazil: Suplicy's own <i>Renda Básica
de Cidadania. A Resposta dada pelo Vento</i> and Vanderborght and Van
Parijs' <i>Renda Basica de Cidadania. Argumentos éticos e econômicos</i>.
During the meeting, Senator Suplicy emphasized the fact that President
Lula is the first head of State in the world that has sanctioned a law
that introduces, be it gradually, a basic income.<br>
For further information, or to get a copy of this newsletter (in
Portuguese), please send an e-mail to
rendabasicabrasil@uol.com.br<br><br>
*CONGO: POLITICAL PLATFORM ADVOCATES GRADUAL INTRODUCTION OF A BASIC
INCOME<br><br>
The new "Parti Réformateur pour un Congo Vivant" PRPC-Vivant
(see NewsFlash 39) has launched a new website. Supported by the
Belgian-based party Vivant, it advocates the gradual introduction of a
basic income in Congo. The first step would be the implementation of a
basic income for women under the age of 20, provided they have a
certificate from secondary school.<br>
See
<a href="http://www.vivantcongo.org/index.php" eudora="autourl">
http://www.vivantcongo.org/index.php<br><br>
</a>*FRANCE: NEW LIBERAL PARTY HAS BASIC INCOME PLATFORM<br><br>
On June 10, 2006, a small political party called "Alternative
Libérale" (Liberal Alternative) has presented its platform in the
prestigious surroundings of the Institut d'Etudes Politiques (IEP) in
Paris. The platform includes a strong plea for a "revenu
d'existence" (existence income), presented as a "bouclier
social" (a "social shield"). During the meeting, several
participants have argued in favour of a basic income.<br>
For further information, see the party's website at
<a href="http://www.alternative-liberale.fr/" eudora="autourl">
http://www.alternative-liberale.fr/<br>
</a>The meeting itself can be viewed at
<a href="http://www.alternative-liberale.fr/evenements/060610_Sciences_Po.htm" eudora="autourl">
http://www.alternative-liberale.fr/evenements/060610_Sciences_Po.htm</a>
<br><br>
*GERMANY: PRIME MINISTER OF ONE OF THE GERMAN STATES PROPOSES A BASIC
INCOME<br><br>
Dieter Althaus is a member of the German Christian Democratic Party (the
party of the federal prime Minister Angela Merkel) and the Prime Minister
of the Free State of Thuringen (a state of 2.5 million inhabitants in
former East Germany, with Erfurt as its capital). Under the label
"solidarisches Bürgergeld" ("solidary citizen's
income"), he has been proposing on his website since at least July
2006 an individual and unconditional basic income of EUR 600 per month
for every citizen aged 14 or more (and EUR 300 per child paid to the
parents), coupled with a basic health insurance voucher of EUR 200 per
person, and funded by an income tax of 50% from the first Euro earned
(but falling to 25% for higher income slices). This citizen's income
would be administered in the form of a negative income tax. Its amount
would be deducted from each person's tax liability: if the difference is
negative, it is refunded to the citizen; if the difference is positive,
the citizen pays a reduced amiount in tax. "The solidary citizen's
income creates social security and reliability for everyone, with the
result that the market economy is not experienced as a threat. The
solidary citizen's income and the social market economy belong together.
Security and freedom are the two faces of a same coin."<br>
For further information, see<font color="#0000FF">
<a href="http://www.d-althaus.de/index.php?id=52" eudora="autourl">
http://www.d-althaus.de/index.php?id=52</a></font> and
info@d-althaus.de<br><br>
*EUROPEAN UNION: EUROPEAN GREEN PARTY SUPPORTS EU-WIDE BASIC
INCOME<br><br>
In a resolution entitled "Towards a more Social Europe - Towards
more Social Justice in Europe", which was adopted at its 4th Council
Meeting (Helsinki, 5-7th May 2006), the European Green Party advocates
the development of a basic income scheme at European level. According to
this document, the European Greens "strongly support the development
of European union policies in the following domains: (...) Setting a
minimum level of subsistence or "basic income", taking into
account national differences, e.g. set as a foxed percentage of the
average income in each Member State. This could be developed through a
system of negative income tax (...). This system must however not
encourage Member States to keep their social protection on this minimum
level".<br>
For further information:<br><br>
*ITALY: DEMONSTRATION FOR GUARANTEED INCOME<br><br>
On the night of 28 June 2006, 5 to 6.000 people have been walking and
dancing in the center of the city of Rome, in a demonstration against the
increasing number of low-paid jobs in Italy. One of the most prominent
slogans was the claim for "a basic income for all". 15 trucks
with sound systems played techno, reggae, or disco. Activists took place
on the trucks to detail the main goals of the protest. All trucks were
equipped with banners about basic income ("reddito x tutti",
"reclaim the money", "vogliamo reddito", etc.).<br>
This so-called "Pop Parade" started at 7 pm from Porta San
Paolo and went to the centre of the city at the Coliseum, where it
finished at 1,30 am. The parade went through the center, where a lot of
low-paid workers are employed in pubs, restaurants, hotels, etc.<br>
The parade attracted a lot of media attention, as the culmination of five
years of demonstration by the low-paid in Italy.<br>
For further information on the Pop Parade, see <br>
<a href="http://italy.indymedia.org/" eudora="autourl">
http://italy.indymedia.org/<br>
</a>or contact Sandro Gobetti <sgobetti@regione.lazio.it> <br><br>
*THE NETHERLANDS: FULL BASIC INCOME ECONOMICALLY SUSTAINABLE IN DUTCH
OFFICIAL STUDY<br><br>
In March 2006, the Dutch Central Planning Bureau published the study
Reinventing the Welfare State (downloadable from
www.cpb.nl/nl/pub/cpbreeksen/bijzonder/60/bijz60.pdf).<br>
The aim of the study is to show how the Dutch welfare state, under the
threat of globalization and ageing, can be reformed in order to raise
labour supply and human capital formation under the constraint of
fulfilment of its key functions (redistribution, risk insurance,
consumption smoothing). In section 3.3 "Efficient
Administration", the effects of a basic income are presented. It
turns out that an individualized BI, against the current social minimum
(pitched at 50% of the net minimum wage, corresponding to €550 per
month), can be financed by a flat income tax of around 50%. The bad news,
according to the same CPB-study is: “Despite its appeal, a basic income
is not efficient as a redistributive system. The reason is that it fails
to comply with the targeting principle. Intuitively, a basic income is
expensive and requires high marginal tax rates across the board. This
causes large tax distortions on labour supply and human capital
formation, which reduce welfare” (p. 68).<br>
The results are based on a rich general equilibrium model (called MIMIC),
which includes economic theories, institutions (e.g. wage bargaining, the
Dutch tax and social insurance system) and empirics. 40 different
household types are distinguished and labour supply elasticities are
based on a meta-study of the empirical literature. The model is primarily
used for a comparative-static analysis of different scenarios of
reform.<br>
On Friday May 19th, a strong delegation of BI-advocates, among which Paul
de Beer, Loek Groot, Alexander de Roo and Robert van der Veen, visited
the CPB to discuss the results with the officials of the CPB. They had
the feeling that BI, along with other elements of reform like the flat
tax proposal, was disqualified as a serious reform option because of its
suboptimality as a redistributive system, while many other effects of BI
(e.g. privacy) had not been included in the model. Moreover, the purpose
of the study was to find out which reform packages can increase labour
supply and human capital formation and not, say, which one is welfare
maximizing or most redistributive. BI scored bad on both: labour supply
decreases across the board (e.g. the participation rate of women drops
with 10%) and the share of high skilled drops by 5% (see Table 3.11 on p.
70 of the report). However, compared to the other reform packages (a
residual, a universal or a diversified welfare state) the BI reform
achieves by far the best score on income inequality reduction.<br>
For further information: <L.Groot@econ.uu.nl><br><br>
*UNITED STATES: ALASKA PERMANENT FUND HITS NEW HIGH<br><br>
USBIG reports that, according to the Anchorage Daily News, the Alaska
Permanent Fund’s (APF) value rose above US$35 billion for the first time
last month. The APF supports the Alaska Dividend program, which provides
a yearly cash dividend of about US$1000 to every Alaska resident. The
fund’s managers attribute most of the recent growth to investment in
foreign stocks, although U.S. stocks and real estate investments have
also done well. This increase in the fund is apart from the increased tax
revenue brought to the state by the recent increase in oil prices. This
tax revenue could leave the state with as much as US$2.4 billion dollars
in unexpected revenue this year, a portion of which will go into the
Permanent Fund. Some supporters of the APF model suggest that revenue
from taxes on other natural resources such as mines, fisheries, and land
value should be added to the fund.<br><br>
*UNITED STATES : CONGRESSIONAL SUPPORT FOR BASIC INCOME BILL
DOUBLES<br><br>
On May 2nd, 2006, US Representative Robert Filner (Democrat, California)
introduced the Tax Cut for the Rest of Us Act of 2006 as House Resolution
5257. As reported in BIEN NewsFlash 39, this Act would transform the
standard income tax deduction into a refundable tax credit of US$2000 for
all Americans who choose not to itemize their deductions.<br>
USBIG reports that, according to Robert Filner, this bill “will not only
simplify the tax code, but put more money into the pockets of poor
Americans. For 25 years, refundable tax credits--such as the Earned
Income Tax Credit (EITC) and the additional child tax credit--have proven
to be simple, effective ways to help the poor. The logical next step is
to transform the standard deduction and personal exemptions into a
refundable Standard Tax Credit (STC) of US$2,000 for each adult and
US$1,000 for each child. The STC will provide all the poor with a small
but badly needed tax credit, and give a tax cut to virtually everyone who
chooses not to itemize their deductions. Transforming the standard
deduction into a refundable tax credit will not eliminate poverty, but it
will be an enormous benefit to the poor who were completely overlooked by
the Bush tax cuts. The poor pay sales taxes, property taxes, and many
other taxes, but because they do not pay very much in income tax, they
have little to gain from tax simplification unless it includes something
like the STC.”<br>
A second member of Congress, Representative Jesse Jackson, Jr. (Democrat,
Illinois) has signed on as a co-sponsor of the bill. Al Sheahen
coordinates an ad hoc group of people who have organized to support the
bill. They have been lobbying organizations and members of Congress to
get behind the bill. A political action group called RESULTS has gotten
behind the bill and has created a way for supporters to email their
representatives to urge them to support the bill. American citizens who
wish to send an email to their representative in support of the basic
income bill can do so by filling out an on-line form at:
<a href="http://capwiz.com/results/issues/alert/?alertid=8777086" eudora="autourl">
http://capwiz.com/results/issues/alert/?alertid=8777086</a>. People who
would like to help organize support for the basic income bill may contact
Al Sheahen at alsheahen@prodigy.net.<br><br>
<b>6. PUBLICATIONS<br><br>
</b>*DUTCH<br><br>
BARREZ Dirk (2006), "Een basisinkomen voor alle Palestijnen?",
PALA Themabrief 40, 30 mei 2006, available at
<a href="http://www.globalsociety.be/" eudora="autourl">
http://www.globalsociety.be<br>
</a>Free-lance journalist Dirk Barrez is well-known for his advocacy of a
modest world-wide basic income. In this short article he supports the
idea of introducing a basic income for all Palestinians. This would be an
efficient way, Barrez argues, to help at the reconstruction of
Palestina's economy. Such a basic income scheme would allow foreign
governments to bring assistance to Palestinian residents without
supporting their government.<br><br>
*ENGLISH<br><br>
BAMBRICK, Laura (2006), "Wollstonecraft's Dilemma: Is a Citizen's
Income the Answer?", Citizen's Income Newsletter, Issue 2,
2006.<br>
How should the state incorporate women into its policies? Should it
recognise them as being different from men? Or should it treat them the
same as men? This is Wollstonecraft's Dilemma. The male breadwinner
welfare state encourages gender differences whereas the adult worker
model adopts a gender-neutral approach. Relying on women's position in
either the family or in the workforce as a conduit for promoting female
welfare has had mixed results. Could a Citizen's Income (CI) improve on
this? Commentators are divided. This paper presents these critiques in an
attempt to ascertain the potential of a CI to resolve Wollstonecraft's
Dilemma. It accepts that welfare models are designed to secure more than
the right to work in the home or labour market. Accordingly, it considers
the impact of a CI on each of the six normative reasons for providing
welfare - to promote autonomy, social equality, social integration,
social stability, and economic efficiency, as well as to prevent poverty
- focusing on how this interplay might affect women's welfare in
particular. <br>
The article can be found at
<a href="http://www.citizensincome.org/resources/newsletter%20issue%202%202006.shtml" eudora="autourl">
http://www.citizensincome.org/resources/newsletter%20issue%202%202006.shtml<br>
<br>
</a>HANDLER Joel Handler & Amanda Sheely Babcock (2006), "The
Failure of Workfare: Another Reason for a Basic Income Guarantee,"
<i>Basic Income Studies</i>: Vol. 1: No. 1, Article 3. Available at:
<a href="http://www.bepress.com/bis/vol1/iss1/art3" eudora="autourl">
http://www.bepress.com/bis/vol1/iss1/art3</a> <br>
There has been a major shift in welfare policies in the developed world
towards activation, decentralization, and privatization. The 1996 US
welfare reform welfare for single mother families was no longer an
entitlement and there were stiff work requirements enforced by sanctions
and time limits. In Western Europe, although there is variation, welfare
has become conditional for social assistance recipients – the “socially
excluded.” Social assistance is administered at the municipal level,
which contracts with private companies. Caseworkers are supposed to make
individualized contracts emphasizing work activities. This paper examines
the field-level data in several US programs and finds that there is a
symbiotic relationship between governments and contractors; caseworkers,
whether public or private, focus on process rather than substantive
plans; government does not question the data; contracts are imposed; the
most employable are placed; and the most vulnerable are sanctioned or
otherwise not allowed on welfare. Research in some European countries is
showing similar results – activation programs are difficult to administer
and increase the risks for the most vulnerable. Individualized contracts
are a myth, given administrative constraints and client dependency. The
paper argues that the difficulties of activation are an additional reason
for a basic income guarantee. The socially excluded will have an exit
option and well-being will be improved. <br><br>
HOWARD Michael W. (2006), "Basic Income and Migration Policy: A
Moral Dilemma?," <i>Basic Income Studies</i>: Vol. 1: No. 1, Article
4. <br>
Available at:
<a href="http://www.bepress.com/bis/vol1/iss1/art4" eudora="autourl">
http://www.bepress.com/bis/vol1/iss1/art4</a> <br>
In this paper, the author argues that globalist egalitarians may face a
dilemma between a generous welfare policy such as a national basic income
(NBI) for all residents, and an egalitarian immigration policy such as
open borders, because NBI may have a welfare magnet effect that generates
pressure for tightening of borders or restricting NBI to citizens only.
However the case for open borders is weaker to the extent that global
transfers (such as might occur with a regional basic income or global
basic income) address the economic inequities and motives for migration.
In the absence of such global or regional institutions, NBI advocates can
justify border restriction and a waiting period for BI entitlement, to
the extent necessary to prevent a worsening of the condition of the least
advantaged compatriots, as temporary measures on a path toward global
justice.<br><br>
MCDONALD Allan (2006), Do Economists Care? Economics and Social
Responsibility in the Labour Market, unpublished booklet, 44p.<br>
This booklet includes a series of essays prepared by Allan McDonald for
OASIS-Australia (Organisation Advocating Support Income Studies in
Australia), focusing on the implications of the Australian Government's
Workplace Relations Amendments (Work Choices) Act, 2005. The essays are
being presented by McDonald to question the continual drive for economic
growth. "Is this drive for growth seen as a means to an end, or is
it seen as the end in itself?" It is in the hands of economists,
McDonald argues, "to determine or to support our long term social
objectives". This objectives should include a National
Dividend.<br>
For further information: allanmcd@keypoint.com.au<br><br>
VANDERBORGHT Yannick Vanderborght (2006), "Why Trade Unions Oppose
Basic Income," <i>Basic Income Studies</i>: Vol. 1: No. 1, Article
5. <br>
Available at:
<a href="http://www.bepress.com/bis/vol1/iss1/art5" eudora="autourl">
http://www.bepress.com/bis/vol1/iss1/art5</a> <br>
In most OECD countries trade unions remain key players in the field of
welfare state reform. And yet, surprisingly little attention has been
paid by proponents of a universal basic income (BI) to the very position
of workers unions on the radical reform that they are advocating. This
paper tackles this issue in three complementary ways. First, it offers a
brief overview of the (scarce) literature on basic income and trade
unions. Second, it focuses on plausible arguments that could be used by
trade unions to oppose or, alternatively, support a basic income.
Finally, empirical information collected in Belgium, Canada, and the
Netherlands is used to test the robustness of the theoretical
assumptions. These investigations demonstrate that trade unions are far
from being natural allies of BI advocates within developed welfare
states. As evidenced by the Belgian case, they can even constitute a
significant obstacle to the political progression of the idea. <br><br>
VAN DER VEEN Robert J. van der Veen & VAN PARIJS Philippe (2006)
"A Capitalist Road to Communism," <i>Basic Income Studies</i>:
Vol. 1: No. 1, Article 6. <br>
Available at:
<a href="http://www.bepress.com/bis/vol1/iss1/art6" eudora="autourl">
http://www.bepress.com/bis/vol1/iss1/art6</a> <br>
This article was originally published in Theory and Society 15 (5), 1986,
pp. 635–655.<br><br>
WOMEN'S ECONOMIC JUSTICE PROJECT (2006), Women's Economic Justice Report
on Guaranteed Livable Income, Victoria (BC): SWAG, 72p.<br>
This report was released on April 29th, 2006, by the Women's Economic
Justice Project (based in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada). It
documents over 40 interviews with Canadian women, held between September
2005 to April 2006. The aim was to examine several aspects of basic
income, with particular attention to its impact on women's lives.<br>
The Women's Economic Justice Project also published a short reader called
"GLI Reader", including quotations from prominent and less
prominent advocates of basic income.<br>
For comments and further info, please write to Cindy L'Hirondelle,
project coordinator at clhirondelle@shaw.ca<br>
See also the website:
<a href="http://www.pacificcoast.net/~swag" eudora="autourl">
www.pacificcoast.net/~swag<br><br>
</a>*FRENCH<br><br>
Special issue of ECOREV' Revue Critique d'écologie politique on the topic
"Intermittents, jeunes, précarité, banlieue... le revenu social
garanti en ligne de mire", issue 23 (Summer 2006).<br>
This special issue of the Green magazine ECOREV' focuses on the working
poor and the problematic situation of French poor suburbs, where riots
have recently occured. Several authors show how the introduction of a
"guaranteed social income" could contribute to settle these
problems.<br>
For further info:
<a href="http://ecorev.org/" eudora="autourl">http://ecorev.org<br><br>
</a>VANDERBORGHT Yannick (2006), ‘Effets anti-redistributifs des dépenses
de protection sociale’, in R. PELLET (dir.), Finances publiques et
redistribution sociale, Paris, Economica, 2006, pp.263-277.<br>
This paper mainly focuses on the regressive impact of several fiscal
transfers that represent a true "Hidden Welfare State". In its
conclusive section, the author argues for a gradual suppression of
anti-redistributive tax benefits, in order to finance universal transfers
such as child benefits or an unconditional basic income.<br><br>
*GERMAN<br><br>
FÜLLSACK, Manfred (ed.) (2006), Globale soziale Sicherheit.
Grundeinkommen - weltweit? (Global Social Security. Basic Income -
Worldwide?), Berlin: Avinus.<br>
This Reader deals with the necessities, the difficulties and the
feasibilities of a global basic income. It discusses problems of
weakening nation states, of newly emerging transnational political
structures, of possibilities for financing basic income on a global scale
and of experiences and discussions about the idea in various countries
throughout the globe. It contains contributions by Philippe van Parijs
(Be), Myron J. Frankman (Ca), Gianluca Busilacchi (It), Michael Howard
(USA), Eduardo Suplicy (Bras), Simon Clarke (UK), John Tomlinson, Simon
Schooneveldt, Penny Harrington (Aus), Dirk Jacobi (Ger), Nicoli Nattrass
(SA), Toru Yamamori, Soichiro Tanaka (Jap) and Manfred Füllsack
(AT).<br>
For further information:
<a href="http://homepage.univie.ac.at/manfred.fuellsack/gss.html" eudora="autourl">
http://homepage.univie.ac.at/manfred.fuellsack/gss.html<br><br>
</a>FÜLLSACK, Manfred (2006), Zuviel Wissen? Zur Wertschätzung von Arbeit
und Wissen in der Moderne (Too much Knowledge? The appreciation of work
and knowledge in Modernity), Berlin: Avinus.<br>
The book investigates intrinsic consequences of work and knowledge
processing in their significance for the possibilities of modern
societies to appreciate and value its work and its knowledge. It comes to
the conclusion that not knowledge (and not values in any of their various
forms), but ignorance (nescience) has to be seen as the relevant factor
of modern day’s social and economic proceedings and as the phenomenon
that exerts a powerful stimulus for the detachment of incomes from work
as it would be implemented by a BI. The book was presented on the
occasion of the "Summit of Alternative Movements from Latinamerica,
the Carrebean and Europe", which was held in Vienna on May 11,
2006.<br>
For futher information:
<a href="http://homepage.univie.ac.at/manfred.fuellsack/zuvielwissen.html" eudora="autourl">
http://homepage.univie.ac.at/manfred.fuellsack/zuvielwissen.html<br><br>
</a>KSOE (CATHOLIC SOCIAL ACADEMY OF AUSTRIA) (2005), Grundeinkommen
Veränderungen begleiten (Eigenverlag)<br>
This publication deals with the impact of an unconditional basic income
on social work, the education system and other social “disciplinary
powers” . It contains contributions by Margit Appel, Andrea
Trenkwalder-Egger, Erich Ribolits, Max Preglau and others.<br>
For further information: <margit.appel@ksoe.at><br><br>
*ITALIAN<br><br>
VERCELLONE, Carlo (ed.) (2006), Capitalismo Cognitivo. Conoscenza e
finanza nell’epoca postfordista, Rome: ManifestoLibri, ISBN<br>
This book on cognitive capitalism analyzes the crisis of the fordist
model, and focuses on the role played by knowledge in the new economy.
Its third chapter is entirely devoted to a discussion of basic income and
related schemes ("Trasformazioni della divisione del lavoro e nuove
norme di distribuzione: il reddito sociale garantito"), with
contributions by Andrea Fumagalli, Jacopo Mazza et Stefano Lucarelli,
Yann Moulier Botang, René Passet, Carlo Vercellone<br>
Publisher's website:
<a href="http://www.manifestolibri.it/vedi_indice.php?id=403" eudora="autourl">
http://www.manifestolibri.it/vedi_indice.php?id=403<br>
</a>E-mail address of the editor:
Carlo.Vercellone@univ-paris1.fr<br><br>
*PORTUGUESE<br><br>
SUPLICY Eduardo Matarazzo (2006), <i>Renda Básica de Cidadania. A
Resposta dada pelo Vento, </i>Porto Alegre: L&PM Editores, 2006.
<br>
In this book, Brazilian Senator and co-Chair of BIEN Eduardo Matarazzo
Suplicy tries to explain why a citizen's income is one of the main ways
to apply principles of justice towards the eradication of absolute
poverty and towards improving income distribution to create effective
peace conditions. The book include the following chapters:<br>
I. From Bolsa Família Program to Citizen’s Basic Income; II. The
Fundamentals; III. The first proposals of minimum income and of basic
income; IV. The guarantee of a subsistence income starting in the 20th
century; V. The creation of BIEN, Basic Income European Network, recently
transformed in Basic Income Earth Network; VI. The pioneer experience of
Basic Income in Alaska (United States); VII. A good proposal for the
democratization and the pacification of Iraq; VIII. The maturing of the
Citizen’s Basic Income proposal; IX. The Precursors in Brazil; X From
Minimum Income to Citizen’s Basic Income.<br>
Publisher's website at
<a href="http://www.lpm.com.br/" eudora="autourl">
http://www.lpm.com.br/<br><br>
</a>VANDERBORGHT Yannick & VAN PARIJS Philippe (2006), Renda Basica
de Cidadania. Argumentos éticos e econômicos. Rio de Janeiro: Editora
Record, 191p. ISBN 85-200-0660-4<br>
This Brazilian translation of "L'allocation universelle", which
was originally published in French in 2005, includes a new Preface by
co-Chair of BIEN and Brazilian Senator Eduardo Matarazzo Suplicy.<br>
Publisher's website:
<a href="http://www.record.com.br/" eudora="autourl">
http://www.record.com.br/<br><br>
</a>*SPANISH<br><br>
WRIGHT, Erik Olin. "La Renta básica come programa socialista",
in <a href="http://www.sinpermiso.info"><i>Sin Permiso. Revista
semestral</a></i> (Barcelona, Buenos Aires & Mexico DF) 1, May 2006,
145-152.<br>
This first issue of the new international journal<i> Sin permiso</i>,
directed by Barcelona philosopher Toni Domènech includes a Spanish
translation of Madison sociologist Erik Wright's argument for a deep
connection between basic income and the socialist project, duly
reconstructed (as presented in his address to the 2005
<a href="http://www.usbig.net/">USBIG</a> congress, and published in the
first issue of <a href="http://www.bepress.com/bis/">Basic Income
Studies</a>). The title of the journal itself ("without
permission") can be read as a hint at basic income. It is inspired
by a passage in Marx's 1875 Critique of the Gotha Programme which says
that whoever owns nothing but his labour power "can work only with
the permission of others, i.e. can live only with their permission".
<br><br>
<b>7. NEW LINKS<br><br>
</b>*THE FREE LUNCH<br>
Charles Bazlinton, author of "The Free Lunch", a book focusing
on the "valuable benefits that flow from gifts of nature or which
arise solely because society exists" has launched a website exposing
his views.<br>
<a href="http://www.the-free-lunch.com/" eudora="autourl">
http://www.the-free-lunch.com/<br><br>
</a>*WIKIPEDIA ON BASIC INCOME<br>
A particularly thorough and well-documented article on basic income, its
history and the current state of discussion in Germany, has been posted
on the German version of Wikipedia. See
<a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundeinkommen" eudora="autourl">
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundeinkommen<br><br>
</a><b>8. ABOUT THE BASIC INCOME EARTH NETWORK<br><br>
</b>Co-chair:<br>
Eduardo SUPLICY, Federal Senator, Sao Paulo, Brazil<br>
Guy STANDING, Professor of Economic Security, University of Bath, and
Professor of Labour Economics, Monash University<br><br>
Further details about BIEN's Executive Committee and International Board
can be found on <a href="http://www.basicincome.org/">our website</a>, as
well as further details about the
<a href="http://www.etes.ucl.ac.be/BIEN/BIEN/Recognized_Networks.htm">
Recognised National Networks</a>.<br><br>
MEMBERSHIP<br><br>
All life members of the Basic Income European Network, many of whom were
non-Europeans, have automatically become life members of the Basic Income
Earth Network.<br>
To join them, just send your name and address (postal and electronic) to
David Casassas <dcasassas@ub.edu> Secretary of BIEN, and
transfer EUR 100 to BIEN's account 001 2204356 10 at FORTIS BANK (IBAN:
BE41 0012 2043 5610), 10 Rond-Point Schuman, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium. An
acknowledgement will be sent upon receipt.<br>
BIEN Life-members can become “B(I)ENEFACTORS” by giving another 100 Euros
or more to the Network. The funds collected will facilitate the
participation of promising BI advocates coming from developing countries
or from disadvantaged groups.<br><br>
B(I)ENEFACTORS:<br>
Joel Handler (US), Philippe Van Parijs (BE), Helmut Pelzer (DE), Guy
Standing (UK)<br><br>
BIEN's Life Members:<br>
James Meade (+), Gunnar Adler-Karlsson (SE), Maria Ozanira da Silva (BR),
Ronald Dore (UK), Alexander de Roo (NL), Edouard Dommen (CH), Philippe
Van Parijs (BE), P.J. Verberne (NL), Tony Walter (UK), Philippe Grosjean
(BE), Malcolm Torry (UK), Wouter van Ginneken (CH), Andrew Williams (UK),
Roland Duchâtelet (BE), Manfred Fuellsack (AT), Anne-Marie Prieels (BE),
Philippe Desguin (BE), Joel Handler (US), Sally Lerner (CA), David
Macarov (IL), Paul Metz (NL), Claus Offe (DE), Guy Standing (UK), Hillel
Steiner (UK), Werner Govaerts (BE), Robley George (US), Yoland Bresson
(FR), Richard Hauser (DE), Eduardo Matarazzo Suplicy (BR), Jan-Otto
Andersson (FI), Ingrid Robeyns (UK), John Baker (IE), Rolf Kuettel (CH),
Michael Murray (US), Carlos Farinha Rodrigues (PT), Yann Moulier Boutang
(FR), Joachim Mitschke (DE), Rik van Berkel (NL), François Blais (CA),
Katrin Töns (DE), Almaz Zelleke (US), Gerard Degrez (BE), Michael Opielka
(DE), Lena Lavinas (BR), Julien Dubouchet (CH), Jeanne Hrdina (CH),
Joseph Huber (DE), Markku Ikkala (FI), Luis Moreno (ES), Rafael
Pinilla (ES), Graham Taylor (UK), W. Robert Needham (CA), Tom Borsen
Hansen (DK), Ian Murray (US), Peter Molgaard Nielsen (DK), Fernanda
Rodrigues (PT), Helmut Pelzer (DE), Rod Dobell (CA), Walter Van Trier
(BE), Loek Groot (NL), Andrea Fumagalli (IT), Bernard Berteloot (FR),
Jean-Pierre Mon (FR), Angelika Krebs (DE), Ahmet Insel (FR), Alberto
Barbeito (AR), Rubén Lo Vuolo (AR), Manos Matsaganis (GR), Jose Iglesias
Fernandez (ES), Daniel Eichler (DE), Cristovam Buarque (BR), Michael
Lewis (US), Clive Lord (UK), Jean Morier-Genoud (FR), Eri Noguchi (US),
Michael Samson (ZA), Ingrid van Niekerk (ZA), Karl Widerquist (US), Al
Sheahen (US), Christopher Balfour (UK), Jurgen De Wispelaere (UK),
Wolf-Dieter Just (DE), Zsuzsa Ferge (HU), Paul Friesen (CA), Nicolas
Bourgeon (FR), Marja A. Pijl (NL), Matthias Spielkamp (DE), Frédéric
Jourdin (FR), Daniel Raventós (ES), Andrés Hernández (CO), Guido
Erreygers (BE), Alain Tonnet (BE), Stephen C. Clark (US), Wolfgang
Mundstein (AT), Evert Voogd (NL), Frank Thompson (US), Lieselotte
Wohlgenannt (AT), Jose Luis Rey Pérez (ES), Jose Antonio Noguera (ES),
Esther Brunner (CH), Irv Garfinkel (US), Claude Macquet (BE), Bernard
Guibert (FR), Margit Appel (AT), Simo Aho (FI), Francisco Ramos Martin
(ES), Brigid Reynolds (IE), Sean Healy (IE), Maire Mullarney (IE),
Patrick Lovesse (CH), Jean-Paul Zoyem (FR), GianCarlo Moiso (IT), Martino
Rossi (CH), Pierre Herold (CH), Steven Shafarman (US), Leonardo Fernando
Cruz Basso (BR), Wolfgang Strenmann-Kuhn (DE), Anne Glenda Miller (UK),
Lowell Manning (NZ), Dimitris Ballas (GR), Gilberte Ferrière (BE), Louise
Haagh (DK), Michael Howard (US), Simon Wigley (TR), Erik Christensen
(DK), David Casassas (ES), Paul Nollen (BE), Vriend(inn)en Basisinkomen
(NL), Christophe Guené (BE), Alain Massot (CA), Marcel Bertrand Paradis
(CA), NN (Geneve, CH), Marc Vandenberghe (BE), Gianluca Busilacchi (IT),
Robert F. Clark (US), Theresa Funiciello (US), Al Boag & Sue Williams
(AU), Josef Meyer (BE), Alain Boyer (CH), Jos Janssen (NL), Collectif
Charles Fourier (+), Bruce Ackerman (US), Victor Lau (CA), Konstantinos
Geormas (GR), Pierre Feray (FR), Christian Brütsch (CH), Phil Harvey
(US), Toru Yamamori (JP), René Keersemaker (NL), Manuel Franzmann (DE),
Ovidio Carlos de Brito (BR), Bernard De Crum (NL), Katja Kipping (DE),
Jan Beaufort (DE), Christopher Mueller (DE), Bradley Nelson (US), Marc de
Basquiat (FR), James Robertson (UK), Infoxoa Rivista (IT), Eric Patry
(CH), Vianney Angles (FR), Isabel Ortiz (US), Bert Penninckx [163].
<br><br>
BIEN's NewsFlash is mailed electronically every two months to over 1000
subscribers throughout the world.<br>
Requests for free subscription are to be sent to
bien@basicincome.org<br>
Items for inclusion or review in future NewsFlashes are to be sent to
Yannick Vanderborght, newsletter editor, UCL, Chaire Hoover, 3 Place
Montesquieu, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium,
vanderborght@etes.ucl.ac.be<br>
The items included in BIEN NewsFlashes are not protected by any
copyright. They can be reproduced and translated at will. But if you use
them, please mention the existence and address of the Basic Income Earth
Network (including its web site www.basisincome.org) and the exact
references of the events or publications concerned. Thank you.<br>
</body>
</html>