[FoME] New study: Search Engine Manipulation Effect and Impact on Outcomes of Elections

[Sofie Jannusch]

Robert Epstein and Ronald E. Roberston of the American Institute for
Behavioral Research and Technology sought to evaluate how search engine
manipulation can influence reader opinions in political campaigns. In
their 2015 study “The Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME) and its
Possible Impact on the Outcomes of Elections,”
(
http://aibrt.org/downloads/EPSTEIN_&_ROBERTSON_2015-The_Search_Engine_Manipulation_Effect-SEME-PNAS-w_SUPPLEMENTS.pdf)
 Epstein and Robertson study people in the United States and India to
determine which populations are most vulnerable to being influenced in
this way.
The study’s findings include:
By manipulating search engine results to favor one candidate over
another, voter preferences can be altered by 20 percent or more.
Certain demographics are more vulnerable to search engine manipulation
effect (SEME) than others. Though the specific demographic of voters
vulnerable to this effect varied in each of the five studies conducted
by Epstein and Robertson, voters with little knowledge of the candidates
or who were undecided in their political affiliation at the time of the
study were especially influenced by it.
The transparency of search engine manipulation can vary so that the
user lacks awareness of how the search engine results impact their
consumption and perspective on the content presented.
Even users who expressed awareness of search engine manipulation were
still influenced by how the search results were presented to them.
- See more at:
http://journalistsresource.org/studies/politics/elections/using-search-engines-impacts-voter-decisions?utm_source=JR-email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=JR-email&utm_source=Journalist%27s+Resource&utm_campaign=fb5f04845a-2015_Sept_1_A_B_split3_24_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_12d86b1d6a-fb5f04845a-79834861#sthash.ReoLSvXH.dpuf

Robert Epstein and Ronald E. Roberston of the American Institute for
Behavioral Research and Technology sought to evaluate how search engine
manipulation can influence reader opinions in political campaigns. In
their 2015 study “The Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME) and its
Possible Impact on the Outcomes of Elections,”
(
http://aibrt.org/downloads/EPSTEIN_&_ROBERTSON_2015-The_Search_Engine_Manipulation_Effect-SEME-PNAS-w_SUPPLEMENTS.pdf)
 Epstein and Robertson study people in the United States and India to
determine which populations are most vulnerable to being influenced in
this way.
The study’s findings include:
By manipulating search engine results to favor one candidate over
another, voter preferences can be altered by 20 percent or more.
Certain demographics are more vulnerable to search engine manipulation
effect (SEME) than others. Though the specific demographic of voters
vulnerable to this effect varied in each of the five studies conducted
by Epstein and Robertson, voters with little knowledge of the candidates
or who were undecided in their political affiliation at the time of the
study were especially influenced by it.
The transparency of search engine manipulation can vary so that the
user lacks awareness of how the search engine results impact their
consumption and perspective on the content presented.
Even users who expressed awareness of search engine manipulation were
still influenced by how the search results were presented to them.
- See more at:
http://journalistsresource.org/studies/politics/elections/using-search-engines-impacts-voter-decisions?utm_source=JR-email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=JR-email&utm_source=Journalist%27s+Resource&utm_campaign=fb5f04845a-2015_Sept_1_A_B_split3_24_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_12d86b1d6a-fb5f04845a-79834861#sthash.ReoLSvXH.dpuf

Robert Epstein and Ronald E. Roberston of the American Institute for
Behavioral Research and Technology sought to evaluate how search engine
manipulation can influence reader opinions in political campaigns. In
their 2015 study “The Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME) and its
Possible Impact on the Outcomes of Elections,”
(
http://aibrt.org/downloads/EPSTEIN_&_ROBERTSON_2015-The_Search_Engine_Manipulation_Effect-SEME-PNAS-w_SUPPLEMENTS.pdf)
 Epstein and Robertson study people in the United States and India to
determine which populations are most vulnerable to being influenced in
this way.
The study’s findings include:
By manipulating search engine results to favor one candidate over
another, voter preferences can be altered by 20 percent or more.
Certain demographics are more vulnerable to search engine manipulation
effect (SEME) than others. Though the specific demographic of voters
vulnerable to this effect varied in each of the five studies conducted
by Epstein and Robertson, voters with little knowledge of the candidates
or who were undecided in their political affiliation at the time of the
study were especially influenced by it.
The transparency of search engine manipulation can vary so that the
user lacks awareness of how the search engine results impact their
consumption and perspective on the content presented.
Even users who expressed awareness of search engine manipulation were
still influenced by how the search results were presented to them.
- See more at:
http://journalistsresource.org/studies/politics/elections/using-search-engines-impacts-voter-decisions?utm_source=JR-email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=JR-email&utm_source=Journalist%27s+Resource&utm_campaign=fb5f04845a-2015_Sept_1_A_B_split3_24_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_12d86b1d6a-fb5f04845a-79834861#sthash.ReoLSvXH.dpuf

Robert Epstein and Ronald E. Roberston of the American Institute for
Behavioral Research and Technology sought to evaluate how search engine
manipulation can influence reader opinions in political campaigns. In
their 2015 study “The Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME) and its
Possible Impact on the Outcomes of Elections,”
(
http://aibrt.org/downloads/EPSTEIN_&_ROBERTSON_2015-The_Search_Engine_Manipulation_Effect-SEME-PNAS-w_SUPPLEMENTS.pdf)
 Epstein and Robertson study people in the United States and India to
determine which populations are most vulnerable to being influenced in
this way.
The study’s findings include:
By manipulating search engine results to favor one candidate over
another, voter preferences can be altered by 20 percent or more.
Certain demographics are more vulnerable to search engine manipulation
effect (SEME) than others. Though the specific demographic of voters
vulnerable to this effect varied in each of the five studies conducted
by Epstein and Robertson, voters with little knowledge of the candidates
or who were undecided in their political affiliation at the time of the
study were especially influenced by it.
The transparency of search engine manipulation can vary so that the
user lacks awareness of how the search engine results impact their
consumption and perspective on the content presented.
Even users who expressed awareness of search engine manipulation were
still influenced by how the search results were presented to them.
- See more at:
http://journalistsresource.org/studies/politics/elections/using-search-engines-impacts-voter-decisions?utm_source=JR-email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=JR-email&utm_source=Journalist%27s+Resource&utm_campaign=fb5f04845a-2015_Sept_1_A_B_split3_24_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_12d86b1d6a-fb5f04845a-79834861#sthash.ReoLSvXH.dpuf

Robert Epstein and Ronald E. Roberston of the American Institute for
Behavioral Research and Technology sought to evaluate how search engine
manipulation can influence reader opinions in political campaigns. In
their 2015 study “The Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME) and its
Possible Impact on the Outcomes of Elections,”
(
http://aibrt.org/downloads/EPSTEIN_&_ROBERTSON_2015-The_Search_Engine_Manipulation_Effect-SEME-PNAS-w_SUPPLEMENTS.pdf)
 Epstein and Robertson study people in the United States and India to
determine which populations are most vulnerable to being influenced in
this way.
The study’s findings include:
By manipulating search engine results to favor one candidate over
another, voter preferences can be altered by 20 percent or more.
Certain demographics are more vulnerable to search engine manipulation
effect (SEME) than others. Though the specific demographic of voters
vulnerable to this effect varied in each of the five studies conducted
by Epstein and Robertson, voters with little knowledge of the candidates
or who were undecided in their political affiliation at the time of the
study were especially influenced by it.
The transparency of search engine manipulation can vary so that the
user lacks awareness of how the search engine results impact their
consumption and perspective on the content presented.
Even users who expressed awareness of search engine manipulation were
still influenced by how the search results were presented to them.
- See more at:
http://journalistsresource.org/studies/politics/elections/using-search-engines-impacts-voter-decisions?utm_source=JR-email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=JR-email&utm_source=Journalist%27s+Resource&utm_campaign=fb5f04845a-2015_Sept_1_A_B_split3_24_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_12d86b1d6a-fb5f04845a-79834861#sthash.ReoLSvXH.dpuf

Robert Epstein and Ronald E. Roberston of the American Institute for
Behavioral Research and Technology sought to evaluate how search engine
manipulation can influence reader opinions in political campaigns. In
their 2015 study “The Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME) and its
Possible Impact on the Outcomes of Elections,”
(
http://aibrt.org/downloads/EPSTEIN_&_ROBERTSON_2015-The_Search_Engine_Manipulation_Effect-SEME-PNAS-w_SUPPLEMENTS.pdf)
 Epstein and Robertson study people in the United States and India to
determine which populations are most vulnerable to being influenced in
this way.
The study’s findings include:
By manipulating search engine results to favor one candidate over
another, voter preferences can be altered by 20 percent or more.
Certain demographics are more vulnerable to search engine manipulation
effect (SEME) than others. Though the specific demographic of voters
vulnerable to this effect varied in each of the five studies conducted
by Epstein and Robertson, voters with little knowledge of the candidates
or who were undecided in their political affiliation at the time of the
study were especially influenced by it.
The transparency of search engine manipulation can vary so that the
user lacks awareness of how the search engine results impact their
consumption and perspective on the content presented.
Even users who expressed awareness of search engine manipulation were
still influenced by how the search results were presented to them.
- See more at:
http://journalistsresource.org/studies/politics/elections/using-search-engines-impacts-voter-decisions?utm_source=JR-email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=JR-email&utm_source=Journalist%27s+Resource&utm_campaign=fb5f04845a-2015_Sept_1_A_B_split3_24_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_12d86b1d6a-fb5f04845a-79834861#sthash.ReoLSvXH.dpuf

Robert Epstein and Ronald E. Roberston of the American Institute for
Behavioral Research and Technology sought to evaluate how search engine
manipulation can influence reader opinions in political campaigns. In
their 2015 study “The Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME) and its
Possible Impact on the Outcomes of Elections,”
(
http://aibrt.org/downloads/EPSTEIN_&_ROBERTSON_2015-The_Search_Engine_Manipulation_Effect-SEME-PNAS-w_SUPPLEMENTS.pdf)
 Epstein and Robertson study people in the United States and India to
determine which populations are most vulnerable to being influenced in
this way.
The study’s findings include:
By manipulating search engine results to favor one candidate over
another, voter preferences can be altered by 20 percent or more.
Certain demographics are more vulnerable to search engine manipulation
effect (SEME) than others. Though the specific demographic of voters
vulnerable to this effect varied in each of the five studies conducted
by Epstein and Robertson, voters with little knowledge of the candidates
or who were undecided in their political affiliation at the time of the
study were especially influenced by it.
The transparency of search engine manipulation can vary so that the
user lacks awareness of how the search engine results impact their
consumption and perspective on the content presented.
Even users who expressed awareness of search engine manipulation were
still influenced by how the search results were presented to them.
- See more at:
http://journalistsresource.org/studies/politics/elections/using-search-engines-impacts-voter-decisions?utm_source=JR-email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=JR-email&utm_source=Journalist%27s+Resource&utm_campaign=fb5f04845a-2015_Sept_1_A_B_split3_24_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_12d86b1d6a-fb5f04845a-79834861#sthash.ReoLSvXH.dpuf

(journalistsresource.org) "Robert Epstein and Ronald E. Roberston of
the American Institute for Behavioral Research and Technology sought to
evaluate how search engine manipulation can influence reader opinions in
political campaigns. In their 2015 study “The Search Engine Manipulation
Effect (SEME) and its Possible Impact on the Outcomes of Elections,”
Epstein and Robertson study people in the United States and India to
determine which populations are most vulnerable to being influenced in
this way.
 
The study’s findings include:
 
    By manipulating search engine results to favor one candidate over
another, voter preferences can be altered by 20 percent or more.
    Certain demographics are more vulnerable to search engine
manipulation effect (SEME) than others. Though the specific demographic
of voters vulnerable to this effect varied in each of the five studies
conducted by Epstein and Robertson, voters with little knowledge of the
candidates or who were undecided in their political affiliation at the
time of the study were especially influenced by it.
    The transparency of search engine manipulation can vary so that the
user lacks awareness of how the search engine results impact their
consumption and perspective on the content presented.
    Even users who expressed awareness of search engine manipulation
were still influenced by how the search results were presented to
them."
 
The study is available under:
http://aibrt.org/downloads/EPSTEIN_&_ROBERTSON_2015-The_Search_Engine_Manipulation_Effect-SEME-PNAS-w_SUPPLEMENTS.pdf
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